John O'Hara
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2019) |
John O'Hara | |
---|---|
Born | Pottsville, Pennsylvania, U.S. | January 31, 1905
Died | April 11, 1970 Princeton, New Jersey, U.S. | (aged 65)
Genre | Short story, drama, essay |
Notable works |
John Henry O'Hara (January 31, 1905 – April 11, 1970) was an American writer. He was one of America's most prolific writers of short stories, credited with helping to invent The New Yorker magazine short story style.[1] He became a best-selling novelist before the age of 30 with Appointment in Samarra and BUtterfield 8. While O'Hara's legacy as a writer is debated, his work was praised by such contemporaries as Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, and his champions rank him highly among the major under-appreciated American writers of the 20th century.[2][3][4] Few college students educated after O'Hara's death in 1970 have discovered him, chiefly because he refused to allow his work to be reprinted in anthologies used to teach literature at the college level.
"O’Hara may not have been the best story writer of the twentieth century, but he is the most addictive," wrote Lorin Stein, then editor-in-chief of The Paris Review, in a 2013 appreciation of O'Hara's work. Stein added, "You can binge on his collections the way some people binge on Mad Men, and for some of the same reasons. On the topics of class, sex, and alcohol—that is, the topics that mattered to him—his novels amount to a secret history of American life."[5]
O'Hara achieved substantial commercial success in the years after World War II, when his fiction repeatedly appeared in Publishers Weekly's annual list of the top ten best-selling fiction works in the United States. These best sellers included A Rage to Live (1949), Ten North Frederick (1955), From the Terrace (1959), Ourselves to Know (1960), Sermons and Soda Water (1960) and Elizabeth Appleton (1963).[6] Five of his works were adapted into popular films in the 1950s and 1960s.
Despite the popularity of these books, O'Hara accumulated detractors due to his outsized and easily bruised ego, alcoholic irascibility, long-held resentments and politically conservative views that were unfashionable in literary circles in the 1960s.[7] After O'Hara's death, John Updike, an admirer of O'Hara's writing, said that the prolific author "out-produced our capacity for appreciation; maybe now we can settle down and marvel at him all over again."
Early life and education
[edit]O'Hara was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, to an affluent Irish American family. Though his family lived among the gentry of eastern Pennsylvania during his childhood, O'Hara's Irish Catholic background gave him the perspective of an outsider to elite WASP society, a theme he wrote of again and again. He attended the secondary school Niagara Prep in Lewiston, New York, where he was named Class Poet for Class of 1924.[8] His father died about that time, leaving him unable to afford Yale, the college of his dreams, and he fell overnight from the privileged life of a well-heeled doctor's family, including club memberships, riding and dance lessons, fancy cars in the barn, and domestic servants in the house. By all accounts, this social fall afflicted O'Hara with status anxiety for the rest of his life, honing the cutting social class awareness that characterizes his work.[citation needed]
Brendan Gill, who worked with O'Hara at The New Yorker, claimed that O'Hara was nearly obsessed with a sense of social inferiority due to not having attended Yale. "People used to make fun of the fact that O'Hara wanted so desperately to have gone to Yale, but it was never a joke to O'Hara. It seemed... that there wasn't anything he didn't know about it in regard to college and prep-school matters."[citation needed] Hemingway once said someone should "start a bloody fund to send up a collection to send John O'Hara to Yale."[9] As his literary acclaim grew, O'Hara yearned for an honorary degree from Yale, but never received it. According to Gill, the college was unwilling to award the honor precisely because O'Hara had obstreperously "asked for it."[citation needed]
Career and reputation
[edit]Initially, O'Hara worked as a reporter for various newspapers. Moving to New York City, he began to write short stories for magazines. During the early part of his career, he was also a film critic, a radio commentator and a press agent. In 1934, O'Hara published his first novel, Appointment in Samarra. Endorsing the novel, Ernest Hemingway wrote: "If you want to read a book by a man who knows exactly what he is writing about and has written it marvelously well, read Appointment in Samarra."[10] O'Hara followed Samarra with BUtterfield 8, his roman à clef based upon the tragic, short life of flapper Starr Faithfull, whose mysterious death in 1931 became a tabloid sensation. Over four decades, O'Hara published novels, novellas, plays, screenplays and more than 400 short stories, the majority of them in The New Yorker.
During World War II, he was a correspondent in the Pacific theater. After the war, he wrote screenplays and more novels, including Ten North Frederick, for which he won the 1956 National Book Award[11] and From the Terrace (1958), which he considered his "greatest achievement as a novelist."[7] Late in life, with his reputation established, he became a newspaper columnist. In his last decade, O'Hara created "a body of work of magnificent dimensions," wrote the novelist George V. Higgins, whose own trademark dialogue was influenced heavily by O'Hara's style. "Between 1960 and 1968," Higgins noted, O'Hara "published six novels, seven collections of short fiction, and some 137 terse and extended stories that all by themselves would supply credentials for a towering reputation in the world of perfect justice that he never did quite find."[12]
Many of O'Hara's stories (and his later novels written in the 1950s) are set in Gibbsville, Pennsylvania, a barely fictionalized version of his home town of Pottsville, a small city in the anthracite region of the northeastern United States. He named Gibbsville for his friend and frequent editor at The New Yorker Wolcott Gibbs. Most of his other stories were set in New York or Hollywood.
O'Hara's short stories earned him his highest critical acclaim. He contributed more of them to The New Yorker than any other writer.[13] He complained that his numerous short stories took his time away from writing novels. "I had an apparently inexhaustible urge to express an unlimited supply of short story ideas. No writing has ever come more easily to me," he claimed.[1] In the Library of America's collection of 60 of O'Hara's best stories, editor Charles McGrath praises them for their "sketchlike lightness and brevity... in which nothing necessarily 'happens' in the old-fashioned sense, but in which some crucial loss or discovery is revealed just by implication... a sense of speed and economy is just what makes the best of these stories so thrilling."[14] Gill, who worked with O'Hara at The New Yorker, ranks him "among the greatest short-story writers in English, or in any other language" and credits him with helping "to invent what the world came to call The New Yorker short story." In the foreword to a collection published four years before his death, O'Hara declared, "No one writes them any better than I do."[15] Two more volumes of his stories were published soon after his death.
Despite his success as a best-selling author, most of O'Hara's longer work is not held in as high regard by the literary establishment. Critic Benjamin Schwarz and writer Christina Schwarz claimed: "So widespread is the literary world's scorn for John O'Hara that the inclusion of Appointment in Samarra on the Modern Library's list of the 100 best English-language novels of the twentieth century was used to ridicule the entire project."[9] Some of O'Hara's novels and stories are tied off with clumsy, abrupt endings. Some of the harsh literary criticism is attributed to personal dislike of O'Hara's abrasive ego and arrogant manner, his vigorous self-promotion, his obsession with his social status, and the politically conservative columns he wrote late in his career. Early and mid-20th century critics also disparaged his novels for their blunt and non-judgmental depictions of loose women and homosexuals, but critics writing after the sexual revolution saw in O'Hara a pioneer in showing female sexuality in frank, realistic ways. His most biting critics regard his novels as shallow and overly concerned with sexual desire, drinking and surface details at the expense of deeper meaning. Many of his leading characters are alcoholics who live as emotional zombies, anesthetized by drinking to the agony of the human heart in conflict with itself. As his contemporary William Faulkner said of such writers in his Nobel Prize address of 1949, "He writes not of the heart but of the glands."
In 1949, O'Hara left The New Yorker bitterly, after it published a withering review of O'Hara's long novel A Rage to Live by his colleague Brendan Gill.[16] Gill disparaged O'Hara's book as "a formula family novel" , one of those turned out by "writers of the third and fourth magnitude in such disheartening abundance" and declared it "a catastrophe" by an author who "plainly intended to write nothing less than a great American novel." Literary critics called Gill's review a "savage attack" and a "cruel hatchet job" on one of The New Yorker's most popular writers.[17] "During the preceding two decades O'Hara had been The New Yorker's most prolific contributor of stories"[18] (no fewer than 197 by one count).[19] After the magazine published Gill's review, O'Hara quit writing for The New Yorker for more than a decade, and when readers complained to Gill for driving O'Hara away, Gill deflected blame onto another New Yorker contributor, James Thurber, for stirring up animosity. O'Hara would not resume writing for The New Yorker until the 1960s, upon the arrival of a new editor who sought out O'Hara with an olive branch. Nearly 50 years after the scandalous review, at a forum on O'Hara's legacy held in 1996, Gill stood up in the audience to explain his attack on O'Hara, pleading that "I had to tell the truth about the novel."[20]
According to biographer Frank MacShane, O'Hara thought that Hemingway's death made O'Hara the leading candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. O'Hara wrote to his daughter "I really think I will get it," and "I want the Nobel prize... so bad I can taste it." MacShane says that T.S. Eliot told O'Hara that he had, in fact, been nominated twice. When John Steinbeck won the prize in 1962, O'Hara wired, "Congratulations, I can think of only one other author I'd rather see get it." In a letter to Steinbeck two years before that, O'Hara placed himself with Steinbeck in the pantheon of great 20th century American writers, Hemingway, Fitzgerald and Faulkner, singling out Faulkner among them as "the one, the genius."[21]
O'Hara's legacy has many literary admirers, including authors such as Joan Didion, John Updike, Gay Talese, Fran Lebowitz and Shelby Foote. Charles McGrath, a former fiction editor of The New Yorker and former editor of The New York Times Book Review, has called O'Hara "one of the great listeners of American fiction, able to write dialogue that sounded the way people really talk, and he also learned the eavesdropper's secret—how often people leave unsaid what is really on their minds.".[22] O'Hara said he learned from reading Ring Lardner "that if you wrote down speech as it is spoken truly, you produce true characters," and added, "Sometimes I almost feel that I ought to apologize for having the ability to write good dialogue, and yet it's the attribute most lacking in American writers and almost totally lacking in the British."[23]
Death
[edit]O'Hara died from cardiovascular disease in Princeton, New Jersey, and is interred in the Princeton Cemetery. A comment he made about himself and which was chosen by his wife for his epitaph reads: "Better than anyone else, he told the truth about his time. He was a professional. He wrote honestly and well."[9] Of this, Gill commented: "From the far side of the grave, he remains self-defensive and overbearing. Better than anyone else? Not merely better than any other writer of fiction but better than any dramatist, any poet, any biographer, any historian? It is an astonishing claim."
After his death, O'Hara's study and its contents were reconstructed in 1974 for display at Pennsylvania State University, where his papers are held. His childhood home, the John O'Hara House in Pottsville, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.[24]
Adaptations
[edit]O'Hara's epistolary novel Pal Joey (1940) led to the successful Broadway musical, with libretto by O'Hara and songs by Rodgers and Hart. In 1957, Pal Joey was made into a musical film starring Rita Hayworth, Frank Sinatra, Kim Novak, and Barbara Nichols.
From the Terrace is a 1960 film adapted from O'Hara's 1958 novel. The film starred Paul Newman as disenchanted Alfred Eaton, son of a wealthy but indifferent father and alcoholic mother as well as Joanne Woodward as his socially ambitious, self-pitying and unfaithful wife Mary St. John.
Also in 1960, O'Hara's best-selling 1935 novel BUtterfield 8 was released as a film with the same name. Elizabeth Taylor won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Gloria Wandrous. Of the film version, Taylor famously said, "I think it stinks."
Ten North Frederick is a 1958 film based on O'Hara's 1955 novel. Gary Cooper starred as Joe Chapin, with Diane Varsi, Ray Stricklyn, Suzy Parker, and Geraldine Fitzgerald in supporting roles. O'Hara called Cooper's performance "sensitive, understanding and true."[25]
A Rage to Live is a 1965 film directed by Walter Grauman and starring Suzanne Pleshette as Grace Caldwell Tate, a well-mannered, upper-crust beauty whose passions wreak havoc on her social circle. The screenplay by John T. Kelley is based on O'Hara's best-selling 1949 novel.
O'Hara's short stories about Gibbsville were used as the basis for the 1975 NBC television movie John O'Hara's Gibbsville (also known as The Turning Point of Jim Malloy) and for the short-lived 1976 NBC dramatic television series Gibbsville.
In 1987, an adaptation of O'Hara's 1966 story "Natica Jackson," about a film actress in 1930s Hollywood, was produced for the PBS anthology series Great Performances. It was directed by Paul Bogart and starred Michelle Pfeiffer in the title role.
The television period drama series Mad Men, on AMC from 2007 to 2015, generated renewed popular interest in O'Hara's work, which dealt with similar themes of mid-20th century American society.
Columns
[edit]In the early 1950s, O'Hara wrote a weekly book column, "Sweet and Sour" for the Trenton Times-Advertiser and a biweekly column, "Appointment with O'Hara", for Collier's magazine. MacShane calls them "garrulous and outspoken" and says neither "added much of importance to O'Hara's work". Biographer Shelden Grebstein says that O'Hara in these columns was "simultaneously embarrassing and infuriating in his vaingloriousness, vindictiveness, and general bellicosity." Biographer Geoffrey Woolf says these earlier columns anticipated "his disastrous 'My Turn' in Newsday, which endured fifty-three weeks ... beginning in late 1964... of his dismissive and contemptuous worst".[This quote needs a citation]
His first Newsday column opened with the line, "Let's get off to a really bad start." His second complained, "the same hysteria that afflicted the Prohibitionists is now evident among the anti-cigarettists." His third column nominally supported the Republican Party nominee Barry Goldwater for U.S. president by identifying his cause with fans of the corny accordionist and band leader Lawrence Welk. "I think it's time the Lawrence Welk people had their say," wrote O'Hara. "The Lester Lanin and Dizzy Gillespie people have been on too long. When the country is in trouble, like war kind of trouble, man, it is the Lawrence Welk people who can be depended upon, all the way." In his fifth column, he argued that Martin Luther King Jr. should not have received the Nobel Peace Prize.
The syndicated column was not a success, published by a continuously decreasing number of newspapers, and did not endear him to the politically liberal New York literary establishment.
Several of his columns demonstrate his knowledge of trivia about and yearning for association with Ivy League colleges. As he noted, "Through the years I have acquired a vast amount of information about colleges and universities." The May 8, 1965, column takes as its ostensible topic the fact that Yale owns stock in American Broadcasting Company and thus is a beneficiary of the television program Peyton Place. O'Hara writes:
[I]n that Yale Blue Heaven Up Above, where William Lyon Phelps and Henry Seidel Canby may meet every afternoon for tea, there must be some embarrassment. Assuming that Harvard men also go to heaven (Princeton men go back to Old Nassau), I fancy that they are having a little fun with Dr. Phelps and Dr. Canby on the subject of Peyton Place.
Later, he notes that James Gould Cozzens is a "genuine Harvard alumnus" and speculates that Harvard should broker a television serialization of a Cozzens novel:
But Cozzens makes his home in Williamstown, Mass., and they have a college there. When Sinclair Lewis lived in Williamstown the college ignored him, possibly because Lewis was a Yale man, although I am only guessing on that. I live in Princeton, N. J. and am not a Yale man, but official Princeton University has ignored me as Williams did Lewis.
His September 4, 1965, column deals entirely with his failure to have received any honorary degrees, going into detail about three honorary degrees he was actually offered but, for various reasons, did not accept. In the column, he lists the awards he has received:
In a long and (I believe) useful literary career I have received five major honors. Not to be bashful about it, they are: the National Book Award; membership in the National Institute of Arts and Letters; the Gold Medal of the Academy of Arts and Letters; the Critics Circle Award; and the Donaldson award. You will note that among them is no recognition by the institutions of higher learning.
He complains that the colleges write him "highly complimentary" letters asking him to perform "chores" such as officiating as writer-in-residence, judging literary contests, and give lectures, yet do not give him degree citations. "The five major distinctions," he notes, "were awarded me by other writers, not by [academia]."
The column closes with the comment:
If Yale had given me a degree, I could have joined the Yale Club, where the food is pretty good, the library is ample and restful, the location convenient, and I could go there when I felt like it without sponging off friends. They also have a nice-looking necktie.
Bibliography
[edit]Novels
[edit]- Appointment in Samarra (1934)
- BUtterfield 8 (1935)
- Hope of Heaven (1938)
- Pal Joey (1940)
- A Rage to Live (1949)
- The Farmers Hotel (1951) — adapted from O'Hara's original play
- Ten North Frederick (1955) — winner of the National Book Award for Fiction[11]
- A Family Party (1956)
- From the Terrace (1958)
- Ourselves to Know (1960)
- The Big Laugh (1962)
- Elizabeth Appleton (1963)
- The Lockwood Concern (1965)
- The Instrument (1967)
- Lovey Childs: A Philadelphian's Story (1969)
- The Ewings (1970)
- The Second Ewings (1972)
Short story collections
[edit]- The Doctor’s Son and Other Stories (1935)
- Files on Parade (1939)
- Pipe Night (1945)
- Hellbox (1947)
- Sermons and Soda Water: A Trilogy of Three Novellas (1960)
- Assembly (1961)
- The Cape Cod Lighter (1962)
- The Hat on the Bed (1963)
- The Horse Knows the Way (1964)
- Waiting for Winter (1966)
- And Other Stories (1968)
- The Time Element and Other Stories (1972)
- Good Samaritan and Other Stories (1974)
- Gibbsville, PA (Carroll & Graf, 1992, ISBN 0-88184-899-9)
Screenplays
[edit]- He Married His Wife (1940)
- Moontide (1942)
Plays
[edit]- Five Plays (1961)
(The Farmers Hotel, The Searching Sun, The Champagne Pool, Veronique, The Way It Was)
- Two by O'Hara (1979)
(The Man Who Could Not Lose [screen treatment] and Far from Heaven [play])
Nonfiction
[edit]- Sweet and Sour (1954) Assorted columns on books and authors
- My Turn (1966). Fifty-three weekly columns written for Newsday
- Letters (1978).
Other
[edit]BUtterfield 8, Pal Joey and The Doctor's Son and Other Stories were published as Armed Services Editions during WWII.
References
[edit]- ^ a b John O'Hara: Stories, Charles McGrath, ed., The Library of America, 2016.
- ^ Dickstein, Morris (May 10, 2017). "Something to remember him by". Times Literary Supplement. Retrieved February 14, 2018.
- ^ Bell, Millicent. "John O'Hara: Chronicler of Class and Power". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ "John O'Hara". Penguin Random House Canada. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ "He Told the Truth about His Time," The New Yorker, August 19, 2013
- ^ Hackett, Alice Payne and Burke, James Henry (1977). 80 Years of Best Sellers:1895 - 1975. New York: R.R. Bowker Company. ISBN 0-8352-0908-3.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Introduction by Philip B. Eppard, Critical Essays on John O'Hara, Philip B. Eppard, ed., G. K. Hall & Co., 1994.
- ^ Matthew Broccoli, The O'Hara Concern. 1975.
- ^ a b c Schwarz, Benjamin; Schwarz, Christina (March 1, 2000). "John O'Hara's Protectorate". The Atlantic. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ Flyleaf endorsement to Appointment in Samarra, Harcourt Brace & Co., 1934.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1956". National Book Foundation. Retrieved March 31, 2012. With essay by Harold Augenbraum from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.
- ^ Preface, Gibbsville, PA: The Classic Stories, Carroll & Graf, 1992.
- ^ Lorin Stein, introduction to BUtterfield 8, Penguin Classics, 2013.
- ^ Editor's Note, John O'Hara: Stories, Charles McGrath, ed., The Library of America, 2016.
- ^ "And Other Stories," Random House, 1966.
- ^ The New Yorker, August 20, 1949.
- ^ Fran Lebowitz, forward to A Rage to Live, Modern Library Classics, 2004
- ^ Philip B. Eppard, editor, Critical Essays on John O'Hara, G. K. Hall & Co., 1994
- ^ Frank MacShane, editor, Collected Stories of John O'Hara, Random House, 1984
- ^ William Grimes, "The John O'Hara Cult, at Least, Is Faithful" The New York Times, November 9, 1996
- ^ Selected Letters of John O'Hara, Matthew J. Bruccoli, ed., Random House, 1978.
- ^ Editor's Note, John O'Hara: Stories, Charles McGrath, ed., The Library of America, 2016
- ^ O'Hara, 1952, foreword to Appointment in Samarra, The Modern Library, 1994.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ Meyers, Jeffrey (1998). Gary Cooper: American Hero, p. 289. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 9780688154943.
Further reading
[edit]- Gill, Brendan. Here at The New Yorker. Random House, 1975. Da Capo Press, 1997, ISBN 0-306-80810-2. (O'Hara desperately wanting to attend Yale, p. 117. Failure to get honorary Yale degree, p. 268.)
- O'Hara, John (1966), My Turn: Fifty-three Pieces by John O'Hara (collected newspaper columns), Random House.
- Farr, Finis (1973): O'Hara: A Biography. Boston: Little Brown.
- Bruccoli, Matthew J. (1975): The O'Hara Concern: A Biography of John O'Hara. New York: Random House.
- MacShane, Frank (1980): The Life of John O'Hara. New York: Dutton.
- Woolf, Geoffrey (2003): The Art of Burning Bridges: A Life of John O'Hara. New York: Knopf.
- The Western Canon: Appointment in Samarra included by Harold Bloom.
External links
[edit]- Philly Burbs O'Hara's lost papers and reward[permanent dead link]
- John O'Hara – (1905–1970)
- O'Hara Study at Penn State
- Guide to the John O'Hara Papers, 1923–1991
- Guide to the Random House Files of John O'Hara, 1927–1977
- Calendar of the John O'Hara Letters to H. N. Swanson, 1955–1970.
- John O'Hara at IMDb
- Works by or about John O'Hara at the Internet Archive
- Works by John O'Hara at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- John O'Hara Papers. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
National Book Award for Fiction | |
---|---|
Awarded for | Outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens. |
Location | New York City |
First awarded | 1935 |
Website | National Book Foundation |
The National Book Award for Fiction is one of five annual National Book Awards, which recognize outstanding literary work by United States citizens. Since 1987, the awards have been administered and presented by the National Book Foundation, but they are awards "by writers to writers."[1] The panelists are five "writers who are known to be doing great work in their genre or field."[2]
General fiction was one of four categories when the awards were re-established in 1950. For several years beginning 1980, prior to the Foundation, there were multiple fiction categories: hardcover, paperback, first novel or first work of fiction; from 1981 to 1983 hardcover and paperback children's fiction; and only in 1980 five awards to mystery fiction, science fiction, and western fiction.[3] When the Foundation celebrated the 60th postwar awards in 2009, all but three of the 77 previous winners in fiction categories were in print.[4] The 77 included all eight 1980 winners but excluded the 1981 to 1983 children's fiction winners.[5]
The award recognizes one book written by a U.S. citizen and published in the U.S. from December 1 to November 30. The National Book Foundation accepts nominations from publishers until June 15, requires mailing nominated books to the panelists by August 1, and announces five finalists in October. The winner is announced on the day of the final ceremony in November. The award is $10,000 and a bronze sculpture; other finalists get $1,000, a medal, and a citation written by the panel.[6]
Authors who have won the award more than once include William Faulkner, John Updike, William Gaddis, Jesmyn Ward, and Philip Roth, each having won on two occasions along with numerous other nominations. Saul Bellow won the award in three decades (1954, 1965, 1971) and is the only author to have won the National Book Award for Fiction three times.
National Book Awards for Fiction
[edit]From 1935 to 1941, there were six annual awards for general fiction and the "Bookseller Discovery" or "Most Original Book" was sometimes a novel. From 1980 to 1985, there were six annual awards to first novels or first works of fiction. In 1980 there were five awards to mystery, western, or science fiction. There have been many awards to fiction in the Children's or Young People's categories.[3]
Honorees, general fiction
[edit]This list covers only the post-war awards (pre-war awards follow) to general fiction for adult readers: one annual winner from 1950 except two undifferentiated winners 1973 to 1975, dual hardcover and paperback winners 1980 to 1983.
For each award, the winner is listed first followed by the finalists. Unless otherwise noted, the year represents the year the award was given for books published in the prior year. Thus, the award year 1950 is for books published in 1949.
1950s
[edit]1960s
[edit]1970s
[edit]1980s
[edit]For 1980 to 1983 this list covers the paired "Fiction (hardcover)" and "Fiction (paperback)" awards in that order. Hard and paper editions were distinguished only in these four years; none of the paperback winners were original; in their first editions all had been losing finalists in 1979 or 1981.
From 1980 to 1985 there was also one award for first novel or first work of fiction and in 1980 there were five more awards for mystery, western, and science fiction.[3] None of those are covered here.
1980-1983
[edit]1983 entries were published during 1982; winners in 27 categories were announced April 13 and privately celebrated April 28, 1983.[66]
1984 entries for the "revamped" awards in three categories were published November 1983 to October 1984; eleven finalists were announced October 17.[67] Winners were announced and celebrated November 15, 1984.[68]
1984-1989
[edit]1990s
[edit]2000s
[edit]2010s
[edit]2020s
[edit]Early awards for fiction
[edit]The National Book Awards for 1935 to 1940 annually recognized the "Most Distinguished Novel" (1935–1936) or "Favorite Fiction" (1937–1940). Furthermore, works of fiction were eligible for the "Bookseller Discovery" and "Most Original Book" awards; fiction winners are listed here.
There was only one National Book Award for 1941, the Bookseller Discovery, which recognized the novel Hold Autumn In Your Hand by George Perry;[154] then none until the 1950 revival in three categories including Fiction.
Most Distinguished Novel (1935–1936)
[edit]1935: Rachel Field, Time Out of Mind[155]
1936: Margaret Mitchell, Gone With the Wind[156]
Favorite Fiction (1937–1940)
[edit]1937: A. J. Cronin, The Citadel[157]
- Conrad Richter, The Sea of Grass[c]
- Kenneth Roberts, Northwest Passage[c]
- Leonard Q. Ross (Leo Rosten), The Education of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N (short stories)[c]
1938: Daphne Du Maurier, Rebecca[158]
1939: John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath[159]
- Sholom Asch, The Nazarene
1940: Richard Llewellyn, How Green Was My Valley[160]
Bookseller Discovery (1936–1941)
[edit]1936: Norah Lofts, I Met a Gypsy (short stories)[156]
1937: Lawrence Watkin, On Borrowed Time (novel)[158]
- see 1937 Fiction[c]
1938: see nonfiction
1939: Elgin Groseclose, Ararat (novel)[159]
- Chard Powers Smith, Artillery of Time, I
1940: see nonfiction
1941: George Sessions Perry, Hold Autumn in Your Hand (novel)[154]
Most Original Book (1935–1939)
[edit]1935: Charles G. Finney, The Circus of Dr. Lao (novel)[156]
1936: see nonfiction
1937: see nonfiction
- see 1937 Fiction[c]
1938: see nonfiction
1939: Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (novel)[159]
Repeat winners
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ The Complete Stories was named the "Best of the National Book Awards" as part of the Fiction Award's 60th anniversary celebration in 2009, by internet visitors voting on a ballot of the best six award winners selected by writers associated with the Foundation.
- ^ a b c The Fiction panels split the 1973, 1974, and 1975 awards. Split awards have been prohibited continuously from 1984.
- ^ a b c d e Contemporary coverage by The New York Times lists four "close seconds" for the four awards, three of which were works of fiction. The third listed was nonfiction, but Nonfiction was the second listed award winner, so the allocation of "close seconds" to award categories is uncertain.
References
[edit]- ^ "History of the National Book Awards". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on October 3, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "How the National Book Awards Work". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ a b c "National Book Award Winners: 1950 – Present". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "A Celebration of the 60th National Book Awards". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on March 19, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "60 Years of the National Book Awards – 79 Fiction Winners". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Award Selection Process". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1950". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Book Publishers Make 3 Awards: Nelson Algren, Dr. Ralph L. Rusk and Dr. W. C. Williams Receive Gold Plaques". The New York Times. March 17, 1950. p. 21.
- ^ Rachel Kushner (June 18, 2009). "The Man with the Golden Arm". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on September 12, 2009.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1951". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Harold Augenbraum (June 18, 2009). "The Collected Stories of William Faulkner". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on September 13, 2009.
The Book of National Book Awards Apocrypha says that when told he had won the National Book Award in Fiction for 1951, just 15 months after receiving the Nobel Prize in Literature, William Faulkner said, "I could have written a cookbook this year and they would have given me the National Book Award."
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1952". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1953". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1954". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Nathaniel Rich (July 9, 2009). "The Adventures of Augie March". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 29, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1955". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1956". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1957". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1958". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1959". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Larry Dark (July 14, 2009). "Goodbye, Columbus". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on September 8, 2009.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1960". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1961". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1962". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1963". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1964". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1965". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1966". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1968". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1969". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1970". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1971". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1972". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Harold Augenbraum (July 29, 2009). "Chimera". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 8, 2009.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1973". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ a b Eric Pace (April 11, 1973). "2 Book Awards Split for First Time". The New York Times. p. 38. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved July 23, 2018.Additional archives: 2018-03-18.
- ^ Harold Augenbraum (July 29, 2009). "Augustus". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 8, 2009.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1974". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Casey Hicks (July 30, 2009). "Gavirty's Rainbow". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 8, 2009.
- ^ Harold Augenbraum (August 1, 2009). "A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 15, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ Steven R. Weismann (April 19, 1974). "World of Books Presents Its Oscars". The New York Times. p. 24. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.Additional archives: 2018-03-18.
- ^ "Pynchon, Singer Share Fiction Prize". The New York Times. April 17, 1974. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Josephine Haxton (Ellen Douglas)". Shelf Awareness. November 9, 2012. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ Jessica Hagedorn (August 2, 2009). "Dog Soldiers". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 29, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1975". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ David Kirby (August 4, 2009). "The Hair of Harold Roux". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 19, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ William Cole (May 4, 1975). "The Last of the National Book Awards?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
The judges had been begged not to give split decisions
Additional archives: 2018-03-18. - ^ "National Book Awards – 1976". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1977". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1978". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1979". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Robert Weil (August 14, 2009). "Sophie's Choice". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1980". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g "5 Under 35". Shelf Awareness. October 6, 2010. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ Deb Caletti (August 9, 2009). "The World According to Garp". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 18, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ Patricia Smith (August 19, 2009). "Plains Song". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 15, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1981". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Obituary Notes: James Cross Giblin; John Ferrone". Shelf Awareness. April 18, 2016. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ Willie Perdomo (August 18, 2009). "The Stories of John Cheever". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 18, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ Amity Gaige (August 22, 2009). "Rabbit Is Rich". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 18, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1982". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Daniel Menaker (August 19, 2009). "So Long, See You Tomorrow". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on September 26, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ Anna Clark (August 23, 2009). "The Color Purple". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018.
- ^ a b "National Book Awards – 1983". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ Robin Black (August 23, 2009). "The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty". NBA Fiction Blog. Archived from the original on August 15, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
- ^ Edwin McDowell (April 14, 1983). "American Book Awards Announced". The New York Times. p. C30. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.Additional archives: 2015-05-24.
- ^ Edwin McDowell (October 18, 1984). "11 Nominated for American Book Awards". The New York Times. p. C25. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.Additional archives: 2015-05-24.
- ^ "Three Writers Win Book Awards". The New York Times. November 16, 1984. p. C32. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.Additional archives: 2015-05-24.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1984". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1985". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Rediscover: White Noise". Shelf Awareness. July 29, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1986". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1987". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Larry Heinemann". Shelf Awareness. December 17, 2019. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1988". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1989". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Katherine Dunn". Shelf Awareness. May 13, 2016. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1990". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Charles Johnson: Practicing Art Without Limitation". Shelf Awareness. December 23, 2016. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "5 Under 35". Shelf Awareness. September 28, 2012. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1991". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1992". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1993". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35'". Shelf Awareness. October 1, 2014. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1994". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1995". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1996". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1997". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Book Dedication of the Day: Charles Frazier for Nancy Olson". Shelf Awareness. April 3, 2018. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1998". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1999". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "In Memoriam". Shelf Awareness. December 30, 2014. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2000". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2001". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "BEA 2015: Jonathan Franzen in Kick-Off Event". Shelf Awareness. January 15, 2015. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "Awards: NAIBA Legacy". Shelf Awareness. August 16, 2019. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2002". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2003". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Shirley Hazzard". Shelf Awareness . December 14, 2016. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2004". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Review: Heathcliff Redux: A Novella and Stories". Shelf Awareness. January 9, 2020. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2005". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2006". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2007". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Rediscover: Tree of Smoke". Shelf Awareness. June 20, 2017. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2008". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2009". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Present and Past Through the Eyes of a Modern Irish Master". Shelf Awareness. July 2, 2021. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2010". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "'The Power of an Audience'". Shelf Awareness. December 16, 2010. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2011". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "Awards: Colby; Strauss Living". Shelf Awareness. January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35'". Shelf Awareness. September 13, 2013. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "The Bear". Shelf Awareness. March 20, 2020. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "B&N's August Book Club Pick: Inland". Shelf Awareness. August 14, 2019. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "2012 National Book Awards Go to Erdrich, Boo, Ferry, Alexander". Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
- ^ Leslie Kaufman (November 14, 2012). "Novel About Racial Injustice Wins National Book Award". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 2, 2014. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2012". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "National Book Award Finalists Announced Today". Library Journal. October 10, 2012. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2013". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ Bosman, Julie (October 16, 2013). "Finalists for National Book Awards Announced". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 5, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2023.
- ^ "James McBride: All Music Comes from the Same Place". Shelf Awareness. April 12, 2016. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ Alter, Alexandra (November 19, 2014). "National Book Award Goes to Phil Klay for His Short Story Collection". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2014. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2014". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2015". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2016". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ a b c d "Awards: National Book Award; PNBA BuzzBook; Cundill; Whiting Creative Nonfiction". Shelf Awareness. October 7, 2016. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2017". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ "National Book Award Winners". Shelf Awareness. November 16, 2017. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Nevins, Jake (September 15, 2017). "National Book awards 2017: Jesmyn Ward and Jennifer Egan among finalists". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ Constance Grady (October 10, 2018). "The 2018 National Book Award finalists are in. Here's the full list". Vox. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved October 11, 2018.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2018". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018..
- ^ a b c d Canfield, David (October 10, 2018). "These are the finalists for the 2018 National Book Award". EW.com. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ "The 2019 National Book Awards Finalists Announced". National Book Foundation. October 7, 2019. Archived from the original on October 9, 2019. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
- ^ "Trust Exercise". National Book Foundation. Archived from the original on November 21, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
- ^ a b "National Book Foundation: '5 Under 35'". Shelf Awareness. September 30, 2020. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c Carras, Christi (October 8, 2019). "Here are all the finalists for the 2019 National Book Awards". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ "Black Leopard, Red Wolf". Shelf Awareness. December 3, 2019. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "National Book Awards 2020 shortlists announced". Books+Publishing. October 7, 2020. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ "Interior Chinatown". Shelf Awareness. December 1, 2020. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c Cadden, Mary. "National Book Awards announces shortlist: Rumaan Alam, Douglas Stuart among finalists". USA TODAY. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ "Reading with... Zakiya Dalila Harris". Shelf Awareness. July 2, 2021. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ "Jason Mott and Tiya Miles win National Book Awards". NPR. November 17, 2021. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
- ^ "National Book Award Winners". Shelf Awareness. November 18, 2021. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ "Hell of a Book". Shelf Awareness. November 30, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Lee, Benjamin (October 5, 2021). "National Book Awards 2021: Robert Jones Jr and Lauren Groff among finalists". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ "Tess Gunty's novel 'The Rabbit Hutch' wins National Book Award for fiction". NPR. Associated Press. November 16, 2022. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
- ^ Beer, Tom (November 16, 2022). "Winners of the 2022 National Book Awards Revealed". Kirkus Reviews. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Schaub, Michael (October 3, 2022). "National Book Award Finalists Are Revealed". Kirkus Reviews. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Here are the 2023 National Book Award finalists". Literary Hub. October 3, 2023. Archived from the original on October 4, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2023.
- ^ Elizabeth A. Harris and Alexandra Alter. "Justin Torres, Author of 'Blackouts,' Wins National Book Award for Fiction Archived November 16, 2023, at the Wayback Machine". The New York Times, November 15, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Nguyen, Sophia (October 1, 2024). "National Book Awards finalists announced for 2024". Washington Post. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Lee, Benjamin (October 1, 2024). "Salman Rushdie and Miranda July among National Book award finalists". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ a b "Neglected Author Gets High Honor: 1941 Book Award Presented to George Perry for 'Hold Autumn In Your Hand'". The New York Times. February 2, 1942. p. 18. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
- ^ "Lewis is Scornful of Radio Culture: Nothing Ever Will Replace the Old-Fashioned Book, He Tells Booksellers". The New York Times. May 12, 1936. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ a b c "5 Honors Awarded on the Year's Books: Authors of Preferred Volumes Hailed at Luncheon of Booksellers Group". The New York Times. February 26, 1937. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
- ^ "Booksellers Give Prize to 'Citadel': Cronin's Work About Doctors Their Favorite--'Mme. Curie' Gets Non-Fiction Award". The New York Times. March 2, 1938. p. 14. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
- ^ a b "Book About Plants Receives Award: Dr. Fairchild's 'Garden' Work Cited by Booksellers". The New York Times. February 15, 1939. p. 20. Archived from the original on March 24, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
- ^ a b c "1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked as Work Which Failed to Get Due Recognition". The New York Times. February 14, 1940. p. 25. Archived from the original on February 12, 2023. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
- ^ "Books and Authors". The New York Times. February 16, 1941. p. BR12.
External links
[edit]- National Book Award
- American fiction awards
- Awards established in 1950
- 1950 establishments in the United States
- 1905 births
- 1970 deaths
- 20th-century American novelists
- American columnists
- American male novelists
- American male screenwriters
- American male journalists
- National Book Award winners
- People from Pottsville, Pennsylvania
- The New Yorker people
- Niagara University alumni
- Novelists from Pennsylvania
- American male short story writers
- American people of Irish descent
- 20th-century American short story writers
- Journalists from Pennsylvania
- 20th-century American male writers
- 20th-century American non-fiction writers
- Screenwriters from Pennsylvania
- Screenwriters from New York (state)
- Burials at Princeton Cemetery
- 20th-century American screenwriters
- 20th-century American journalists
- Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters