Kildare North (Dáil constituency)
Kildare North | |
---|---|
Dáil constituency | |
Major settlements | |
Current constituency | |
Created | 1997 |
Seats |
|
Local government area | County Kildare |
Created from | Kildare |
EP constituency | Midlands–North-West |
Kildare North is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects five deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
History and boundaries
[edit]The constituency was created at the 1997 general election, when the former 5-seat Kildare constituency was divided into Kildare North and Kildare South. At the 1997 and 2002 elections, Kildare North was a 3-seat constituency, but it was allocated an extra seat at the 2007 general election. The constituency spans the more densely populated north-eastern corner of County Kildare, taking in the towns of Celbridge, Clane, Leixlip, Kilcock, Maynooth and Naas.
The Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017 defines the constituency as:[1]
"In the county of Kildare the electoral divisions of:
- Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1;
- Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Dunfierth, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2;
- Bodenstown, Clane, Downings, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Newtown, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1;
- and Naas Urban."
The Constituency Review Report 2023 of the Electoral Commission recommended that at the next general election, Kildare North be increased to a five-seat constituency with the transfer of territory from Kildare South.[2]
For the 2024 general election, the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023 defines the constituency as:[3]
"In the county of Kildare, the electoral divisions of:
- Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1;
- Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Dunfierth in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2;
- Bodenstown, Clane, Carragh, Donore, Downings, Kill, Killashee, Kilteel, Ladytown, Naas Rural, Newtown, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1;
- and Naas Urban."
Years | TDs | Boundaries | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1997–2002 | 3 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[4] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilrainy, Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2; Bodenstown, Clane, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas; and the urban district of Naas. |
Created from Kildare[5] |
2002–2007 | 3 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[6] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Bodenstown, Clane, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas; and the urban district of Naas. |
Transfer to Kildare South of[7]
Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilrainy, Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2. |
2007–2011 | 4 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[8] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilrainy, Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2; Bodenstown, Clane, Downings, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Oughterard, Rathmore, Robertstown, Timahoe North, Timahoe South, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1; and the town of Naas. |
Transfer from Kildare South of[9] Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilrainy, Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2, and Downings, Robertstown, and Timahoe South, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1. |
2011–2016 | 4 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[10] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilpatrick, Kilrainy, Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2; Bodenstown, Clane, Downings, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Newtown, Oughterard, Rathmore, Robertstown, Timahoe North, Timahoe South, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1; and the town of Naas. |
Transfer from Kildare South of[11]
Kilpatrick, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2, and Newtown, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1. |
2016–2020 | 4 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[12] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Carbury, Carrick, Drehid, Dunfierth, Kilrainy, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2; Bodenstown, Clane, Downings, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Newtown, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1; and the town of Naas. |
Transfer to Kildare South of[13]
Kilpatrick and Windmill Cross, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2, and Robertstown and Timahoe South, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1. |
2020– | 4 | In County Kildare, the electoral divisions of[1] Balraheen, Celbridge, Cloncurry, Donadea, Donaghcumper, Kilcock, Leixlip, Maynooth, Straffan, in the former Rural District of Celbridge No. 1; Ballynadrumny, Cadamstown, Dunfierth, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2; Bodenstown, Clane, Downings, Kill, Kilteel, Naas Rural, Newtown, Oughterard, Rathmore, Timahoe North, in the former Rural District of Naas No. 1; and Naas Urban. |
Transfer to Kildare South of[14]
Carbury, Carrick, Drehid and Kilrainy, in the former Rural District of Edenderry No. 2. |
TDs
[edit]Teachtaí Dála (TDs) for Kildare North 1997– | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Key to parties
| |||||||||
Dáil | Election | Deputy (Party) |
Deputy (Party) |
Deputy (Party) |
Deputy (Party) | ||||
28th | 1997[15] | Emmet Stagg (Lab) |
Charlie McCreevy (FF) |
Bernard Durkan (FG) |
3 seats until 2007 | ||||
29th | 2002[16] | ||||||||
2005 by-election[17] | Catherine Murphy (Ind) | ||||||||
30th | 2007[18] | Áine Brady (FF) |
Michael Fitzpatrick (FF) | ||||||
31st | 2011[19] | Catherine Murphy (Ind) |
Anthony Lawlor (FG) | ||||||
32nd | 2016[20] | Frank O'Rourke (FF) |
Catherine Murphy (SD) |
James Lawless (FF) | |||||
33rd | 2020[21] | Réada Cronin (SF) |
Note: The columns in this table are used only for presentational purposes, and no significance should be attached to the order of columns. For details of the order in which seats were won at each election, see the detailed results of that election.
Elections
[edit]^ *: Outgoing TD
2024 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ||||
Independent | Bill Clear | |||
National Alliance | Avril Corcoran[a] | |||
Sinn Féin | Réada Cronin[*] | |||
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | |||
Social Democrats | Aidan Farrelly | |||
Labour | Angela Feeney | |||
Centre Party | Sean Gill | |||
Sinn Féin | Caroline Hogan | |||
Fianna Fáil | James Lawless[*] | |||
Green | Vincent P. Martin | |||
Fine Gael | Joe Neville | |||
Fianna Fáil | Naoise Ó Cearúil | |||
Aontú | Una O'Connor | |||
Fine Gael | Evie Sammon | |||
Irish Freedom | Gerry Waters | |||
PBP–Solidarity | Leah Whelan[b] | |||
Quota: |
- ^ Corcoran is a member of The Irish People.
- ^ Whelan is a member of Solidarity.
2020 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||||
Social Democrats | Catherine Murphy[*] | 19.3 | 9,808 | 10,180 | 11,008 | ||||
Sinn Féin | Réada Cronin | 17.1 | 8,705 | 9,192 | 9,508 | 9,623 | 9,732 | 11,079 | |
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 10.7 | 5,447 | 5,522 | 5,910 | 6,006 | 8,521 | 10,258 | |
Fianna Fáil | James Lawless[*] | 13.8 | 7,029 | 7,146 | 7,357 | 7,417 | 7,909 | 9,357 | |
Fianna Fáil | Frank O'Rourke[*] | 12.4 | 6,336 | 6,596 | 6,945 | 7,035 | 7,238 | 7,956 | |
Green | Vincent P. Martin | 10.0 | 5,100 | 5,473 | 5,901 | 6,211 | 6,674 | ||
Fine Gael | Anthony Lawlor | 7.1 | 3,621 | 3,693 | 3,871 | 3,920 | |||
Labour | Emmet Stagg | 5.4 | 2,751 | 2,853 | |||||
Renua | Séamus Ó Riain | 1.9 | 967 | ||||||
Solidarity–PBP | Paul Mahon[a] | 1.7 | 861 | ||||||
Independent | David Monaghan | 0.4 | 197 | ||||||
Independent | Wayne Swords | 0.2 | 123 | ||||||
Electorate: 81,884 Valid: 50,945 Spoilt: 382 (0.74%) Quota: 10,190 Turnout: 51,327 (62.68%) |
- ^ Mahon was a member of People Before Profit.
2016 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Social Democrats | Catherine Murphy[*] | 22.7 | 11,108 | |||||||||
Fianna Fáil | James Lawless | 15.3 | 7,461 | 7,592 | 7,696 | 7,737 | 7,919 | 8,003 | 8,256 | 8,850 | 9,444 | |
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 12.6 | 6,147 | 6,268 | 6,302 | 6,322 | 6,472 | 6,531 | 6,740 | 6,974 | 8,890 | |
Fianna Fáil | Frank O'Rourke | 12.9 | 6,341 | 6,486 | 6,528 | 6,562 | 6,711 | 6,879 | 7,138 | 7,684 | 8,479 | |
Fine Gael | Anthony Lawlor[*] | 11.1 | 5,406 | 5,490 | 5,544 | 5,572 | 5,714 | 5,767 | 6,046 | 6,213 | 7,402 | |
Labour | Emmet Stagg[*] | 8.4 | 4,087 | 4,288 | 4,349 | 4,408 | 4,488 | 4,632 | 5,181 | 5,775 | ||
Sinn Féin | Réada Cronin | 6.5 | 3,205 | 3,323 | 3,390 | 3,621 | 3,708 | 4,146 | 4,497 | |||
Green | Maebh Ní Fhallúin | 3.0 | 1,485 | 1,649 | 1,715 | 1,804 | 2,020 | 2,419 | ||||
Independent | Brendan Young | 2.4 | 1,200 | 1,323 | 1,467 | 1,737 | 1,858 | |||||
Renua | Shane Fitzgerald | 2.0 | 994 | 1,086 | 1,154 | 1,236 | ||||||
AAA–PBP | Ashling Merriman | 1.6 | 781 | 873 | 943 | |||||||
Independent | Michael Beirne | 0.7 | 372 | 389 | ||||||||
Independent | Gerard Dunne | 0.5 | 249 | 261 | ||||||||
Independent | Elizabeth O'Sullivan | 0.2 | 99 | 119 | ||||||||
Electorate: 77,609 Valid: 48,935 Spoilt: 291 (0.6%) Quota: 9,788 Turnout: 49,226 (63.4%) |
2011 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 19.9 | 10,168 | 10,420 | ||||
Labour | Emmet Stagg[*] | 19.0 | 9,718 | 9,976 | 10,264 | |||
Independent | Catherine Murphy | 13.5 | 6,911 | 7,474 | 7,696 | 8,716 | 11,639 | |
Fine Gael | Anthony Lawlor | 13.4 | 6,882 | 7,074 | 7,283 | 7,667 | 9,088 | |
Fianna Fáil | Áine Brady[*] | 9.3 | 4,777 | 4,910 | 6,627 | 6,821 | 7,288 | |
Labour | John McGinley | 10.3 | 5,261 | 5,489 | 5,590 | 6,449 | ||
Sinn Féin | Martin Kelly | 5.7 | 2,896 | 3,043 | 3,111 | |||
Fianna Fáil | Michael Fitzpatrick[*] | 5.2 | 2,659 | 2,714 | ||||
Green | Shane Fitzgerald | 1.8 | 905 | |||||
Independent | Eric Doyle-Higgins | 0.8 | 423 | |||||
Independent | Michael Beirne | 0.8 | 422 | |||||
Independent | Bart Murphy | 0.4 | 200 | |||||
Electorate: 76,773 Valid: 51,222 Spoilt: 388 (0.8%) Quota: 10,245 Turnout: 51,610 (67.2%) |
2007 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||||
Fianna Fáil | Áine Brady | 24.9 | 11,245 | ||||||
Labour | Emmet Stagg[*] | 17.4 | 7,882 | 8,063 | 8,107 | 8,468 | 9,220 | ||
Fianna Fáil | Michael Fitzpatrick | 14.6 | 6,606 | 8,113 | 8,151 | 8,817 | 9,097 | ||
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 11.8 | 5,340 | 5,427 | 5,471 | 5,663 | 5,912 | 9,229 | |
Independent | Catherine Murphy[*] | 11.5 | 5,188 | 5,339 | 5,474 | 5,881 | 6,733 | 7,652 | |
Fine Gael | Darren Scully | 9.4 | 4,250 | 4,306 | 4,332 | 4,489 | 4,832 | ||
Green | Shane Fitzgerald | 4.9 | 2,215 | 2,289 | 2,342 | 2,668 | |||
Sinn Féin | Cristin McCauley | 2.4 | 1,103 | 1,135 | 1,154 | ||||
Progressive Democrats | Jeff Aherne | 2.1 | 983 | 1,083 | 1,103 | ||||
Independent | John Corish | 0.5 | 234 | 244 | |||||
Independent | Gerry Browne | 0.3 | 145 | 153 | |||||
Electorate: 71,311 Valid: 45,191 Spoilt: 232 (0.5%) Quota: 9,039 Turnout: 45,423 (63.7%) |
2005 by-election
[edit]Fianna Fáil TD Charlie McCreevy was appointed as a European Commissioner on 22 November 2004.[28] A writ of election to fill the vacancy was moved on 15 February 2005.[29] The by-election was held on 11 March 2005.[30]
Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||
Independent | Catherine Murphy | 23.6 | 5,985 | 6,189 | 7,176 | 8,809 | 12,256 | |
Fianna Fáil | Áine Brady | 24.5 | 6,201 | 6,255 | 7,265 | 8,133 | 9,818 | |
Fine Gael | Darren Scully | 18.3 | 4,630 | 4,660 | 5,382 | 7,421 | ||
Labour | Paddy MacNamara | 17.8 | 4,507 | 4,545 | 5,199 | |||
Progressive Democrats | Kate Walsh | 7.9 | 2,006 | 2,023 | ||||
Green | J. J. Power | 6.1 | 1,547 | 1,621 | ||||
Independent | Gerry Browne | 0.9 | 226 | |||||
Independent | Seanán Ó Coistín | 0.8 | 211 | |||||
Electorate: 65,080 Valid: 25,313 Spoilt: 211 (0.8%) Quota: 12,657 Turnout: 25,524 (39.2%) |
2002 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||
Fianna Fáil | Charlie McCreevy[*] | 27.5 | 9,082 | |||||
Labour | Emmet Stagg[*] | 21.4 | 7,051 | 7,168 | 8,005 | 9,472 | ||
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 17.5 | 5,786 | 5,859 | 6,177 | 7,341 | 8,025 | |
Fianna Fáil | Paul Kelly | 15.7 | 5,168 | 5,681 | 5,923 | 7,382 | 7,890 | |
Progressive Democrats | Kate Walsh | 11.9 | 3,919 | 4,027 | 4,473 | |||
Green | Anne Kelly McCormack | 6.0 | 1,974 | 1,999 | ||||
Electorate: 60,094 Valid: 32,980 Spoilt: 291 (0.9%) Quota: 8,246 Turnout: 33,271 (55.4%) |
1997 general election
[edit]Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||
Fine Gael | Bernard Durkan[*] | 21.2 | 6,653 | 6,804 | 7,932 | |||
Fianna Fáil | Charlie McCreevy[*] | 21.9 | 6,905 | 7,055 | 7,152 | 8,156 | ||
Labour | Emmet Stagg[*] | 19.0 | 5,964 | 6,255 | 6,445 | 6,721 | 8,952 | |
Fianna Fáil | Paul Kelly | 12.9 | 4,039 | 4,160 | 4,197 | 4,879 | 5,582 | |
Democratic Left | Catherine Murphy | 8.8 | 2,762 | 3,067 | 3,204 | 3,392 | ||
Progressive Democrats | Timmy Conway | 6.7 | 2,101 | 2,252 | 2,351 | |||
Fine Gael | Mary French | 5.0 | 1,569 | 1,719 | ||||
Green | Seán English | 4.5 | 1,403 | |||||
Electorate: 50,957 Valid: 31,396 Spoilt: 295 (0.9%) Quota: 7,850 Turnout: 31,691 (60.5%) |
See also
[edit]- Elections in the Republic of Ireland
- Politics of the Republic of Ireland
- List of Dáil by-elections
- List of political parties in the Republic of Ireland
References
[edit]- ^ a b Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017, Schedule (No. 39 of 2017, Schedule). Enacted on 23 December 2017. Act of the Oireachtas. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Constituency Review Report 2023" (PDF). Electoral Commission. pp. 80–81, 131. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023, Schedule (No. 40 of 2023, Schedule). Enacted on 19 December 2023. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 16 February 2024.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) Act 1995, Schedule (No. 21 of 1995, Schedule). Enacted on 20 July 1995. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Dáil Constituency Commission Report 1995" (PDF). Houses of the Oireachtas. Constituency Commission. 27 April 1995. pp. 17–18. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 1998, Schedule (No. 19 of 1998, Schedule). Enacted on 16 June 1998. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Constituency Commission: Report 1998" (PDF). Houses of the Oireachtas. Constituency Commission. pp. 24 and 28. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) Act 2005, Schedule (No. 16 of 2005, Schedule). Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Report on Dáil Constituencies, 2004" (PDF). Constituency Commission. p. 54. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009, Schedule (No. 4 of 2009, Schedule). Enacted on 24 February 2009. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Report on Dáil and European Parliament Constituencies 2007" (PDF). Constituency Commission. 23 October 2007. p. 63. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2013, Schedule (No. 7 of 2013, Schedule). Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Constituency Commission Report 2012: Dáil and European Parliament Constituencies" (PDF). Constituency Commission. 21 June 2012. p. 75. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ "Constituency Commission Report 2017: Dáil and European Parliament Constituencies" (PDF). Constituency Commission. 27 June 2017. p. 74. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
- ^ a b "General election 1997: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
- ^ a b "General election 2002: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
- ^ a b "By-election 2005: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
- ^ a b "General election 2007: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 3 February 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
- ^ a b "General election 2011: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
- ^ a b "General election 2016: Kildare North". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
- ^ a b "General election 2020: Kildare North". Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
- ^ "General Election 2024 Profiles – Kildare North". RTÉ News. November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
- ^ "General Election 2020 Candidates – Kildare North". RTÉ News. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ "Kildare North: 2020 General Election". Irelandelection.com. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ "Kildare North Results 2016". Irelandelection.com. Archived from the original on 20 January 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ^ "Kildare North Results 2016". RTÉ. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ^ "Kildare North Results 2011". Irelandelection.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ^ "Resignation of Member". Dáil Debates – Vol. 593 No. 1. 23 November 2004.
- ^ "Issue of Writ: Kildare North By-election". Dáil Debates – Vol. 597 No. 5. 15 February 2005.
- ^ "Introduction of New Members". Dáil Debates – Vol. 599 No. 5. 22 March 2005.
- ^ Government of Ireland (1998). 28th Dáil General Election June, 1997 Election Results and Transfer of Votes. Stationery Office, Government of Ireland.